Author Disclosures & Declarations

ORCID

ORCID iD is preferred for the corresponding author and encouraged for all authors. It is authenticated through the submission system and displayed on the published article and included in the Crossref metadata deposit.

Author contributions (CRediT)

Example: “A.B.: Conceptualisation, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft. C.D.: Data curation, Software, Writing – review & editing. E.F.: Supervision, Funding acquisition.”

Funding

“This work was supported by [Funder] under grant [number].” Or: “This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.”

Conflict of interest

“The authors declare that they have no competing interests.” Disclose financial and non-financial interests that could be seen to influence the work.

Ethics and consent (where applicable)

For research involving human subjects, state ethics approval (committee and reference) and informed consent.