Impact of Agricultural Modernization on Crude Birth Rate in Indian Punjab

Abstract

Pooled cross-section and time-series data of 11 districts in the Indian Punjab have yielded three hypotheses: (1) High infant-mortality rates lead to high fertility rates and high fertility rates cause high infant-mortality rates; (2) Agricultural modernization affects fertility and infant-mortality; and (3) The direction and strength of the effects of agricultural modernization on fertility and infant-mortality depend upon the distribution of the benefits of such modernization.